AJHE2303 - CME/CMLE - Graded Depth of Response and Neoplastic Plasma Cell Index as Indicators of Survival Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma Patients Post Autologous Stem Cell Transplant-Graded Depth of Response and Neoplastic Plasma Cell Index as Indicators of Survival Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma Patients Post Autologous Stem Cell Transplant

Graded Depth of Response and Neoplastic Plasma Cell Index as Indicators of Survival Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma Patients Post Autologous Stem Cell Transplant

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The study focused on evaluating the impact of depth of response and measurable residual disease (MRD) assessment on survival outcomes in multiple myeloma patients following autologous stem cell transplant. The findings highlighted the importance of achieving maximal conventional response, which predicted superior survival outcomes in both MRD-positive and MRD-negative subgroups. Patients achieving stringent complete response (sCR) had better progression-free and overall survival compared to those achieving partial response. Additionally, the study introduced the concept of the neoplastic plasma cell index (NPCI) as a better predictor of survival outcomes than MRD, especially in hemodiluted bone marrow aspirates. The results indicated that a progressive increase in response depth correlated with improved survival outcomes. Conventional response helped stratify patients within MRD-positive and MRD-negative groups, emphasizing its significance in predicting outcomes. The study suggested exploring the NPCI as an alternative to MRD assessment in larger cohorts for validation. The findings also discussed the potential role of ultrasensitive mass spectrometry in monitoring M protein levels for residual disease detection in multiple myeloma patients post-transplant. The study emphasized the significance of integrating conventional response assessment with MRD evaluation for better risk stratification and monitoring of disease status in multiple myeloma patients following autologous stem cell transplant.

Keywords

depth of response

measurable residual disease

multiple myeloma

autologous stem cell transplant

progression-free survival

overall survival

neoplastic plasma cell index

hemodiluted bone marrow aspirates

ultrasensitive mass spectrometry

risk stratification